LIST OF FIGURES

2.1 Growth of ESs in Japan
2.2 Types of ES Applications
2.3 Locus of Development of ESs
2.4 User Interface for Selecting Some Design Options
2.5 Parts Class Structure in HAPPS
2.6 Sources of Knowledge and Constraints Used for JAL Crew Scheduling
2.7 Example of Output, Showing Crew Assignments for Each Day of the Month
2.8 Fuel Cost Savings
2.9 Blast Furnace Expert System
2.10 A Plant Control System Using Deep and Shallow Knowledge

3.1 Basic Components of Expert System Tools
3.2 Expert System Tools In Use in Japan
3.3 Changes in the Hardware Types Used for ES Development
3.4 SAFIA Blast Furnace Control System - Nippon Steel
3.5 ES/KERNEL2, A Tool for Building Multi-Layered, Cooperative Expert Systems
3.6 ES/KERNEL2 Development Environment
3.7 Toshiba Corporation R&D Expenditures of Non-Consolidated Base

5.1 ICOT Accomplishments in Sequential and Parallel Systems 91
5.2 Prime Sieve Algorithm Using Guarded Horn Clauses
5.3 ICOT's Layered Approach to Software Development

7.1 Forecast by Hitachi of Growth of Knowledge-Based Systems in Four Sectors